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日本産昆虫、ダニの発育零点と有効積算温度定数 : 第2版
https://doi.org/10.24514/00002995
https://doi.org/10.24514/00002995a42b928e-0e25-45c6-8fec-cbb83f23c302
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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niaes_report_No31p1-74p.pdf (1.5 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文01 / Departmental Bulletin Original Article(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2019-10-09 | |||||||||||
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| タイトル | 日本産昆虫、ダニの発育零点と有効積算温度定数 : 第2版 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | The Low Development Threshold Temperature and the Thermal Constant in Insects and Mites in Japan (2nd edition) | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
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| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.24514/00002995 | |||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
桐谷, 圭治
× 桐谷, 圭治
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| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | Based on 852 reports, a total of 505 species of insects and mites that occur in Japan were examined in terms of the low development threshold temperature(T_0) and the thermal constant(K), the day degrees to complete development(Table 1). Concerning the heat stress temperature, 119 species were also examined. Stored product insects and nematodes that had been listed in Kiritani(1997) were excluded, because few additional reports were available since then. Some alien species, that were included in the previous paper because of their importance for plant quarantine and biological control, were also excluded, limiting this work to species currently found in Japan. Insects and mites can be categorized in the following four groups by their positions in a graph of T_0 and K(Kiritani 1997). These groups were(1) Aphidoidea,(2) Acarina, Thysanoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera,(3) Nematoda, Homoptera (excluding Aphidoidea), Heteroptera, Lepidoptera (excluding stored product pests) and Coleoptera (excluding stored product pests) and(4) stored product pests. This suggests that Aphidoidea with the lowest T_0 and the smallest K will be most responsive to global warming by increasing the number of generations a year. Differences in the T_0 value among families within the order of Diptera (Table 2) and coleopteran stored product insects(Table 3) were shown. Dependence of T_0 on the geographic range(Table 4) was examined. The relationship of T_0 with latitude within a species was examined for 13 species. Although T_0 is highly variable among the families within an order, there was no appreciable relationship with different geographic ranges, e.g. temperate, tropics and cosmopolitan (Table 4). Concerning a potential latitudinal cline, there was no evidence of latitudinal variation in T_0 in the 13 species examined, suggesting that T_0 is a very stable parameter.Whether the day length affects T_0 value or not remains to be known. In addition, variation in T_0 among developmental stages was examined in the holometabola(Coleoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera).There was a tendency for pupal and larval stages to have the highest and the lowest T_0, respectively, among the three stages including egg. This may indicate that seasonal adaptation of insects is regulated first by photoperiodic response, secondly by adjusting the K value and finally by adjusting the T_0 of the pupal stage (Kiritani, 1997). It was also found that T_0 for the preoviposition period tended to be higher than that for preimaginal stage, i.e. from egg to adult emergence. This was especially remarkable in those species belonging to the Pentatomidae, Alydidae and Coreidae (Heteroptera)(Table 5). The hypothesized change in number of generations per year was calculated for several ecological functional groups of the arthropods inhabiting paddy rice fields(81species in 21families taxa). Using the mean values of T_0 and K for each functional group, the number of generations a year expected to be increased was ealculated when temperatures increased by 2℃ in areas with a current mean annual temperature of 15℃(Table 6). Most of the insect predator and parasitoid groups are expected to produce an additional two to four generations each year. On the other hand, most of the rice pests would increase at most by one generation except for mirids and delphacids, which will increase one or more generations. Spiders will not change their generation number at all, because of their relatively high values of K compared with insects. The predicted numerical responses should enhance the natural control by biological agents, similar to that which occurs in paddy fields in the tropics(Kiritnai, 2006). The relation between T_0 of insect hosts (x) and their parasitoids (y) was made (Table 7 and Fig. 1). There was a significant regression in T_0 between hosts and parasitoids with a regression line of y = 1.034x + 0.0585(R^2 = 0.8641). The slope is not different from 1.0 and the intercept is not different from 0.0, suggesting that T_0 values of parasitoids are about equal to the T_0 value of their host in Japan. A total of 119 species were examined for the temperature at which a physiological disadvantage appears (Fig. 3). Heat stress occurred in most of these species within a temperature range of 28 to 32℃. The mean T_0 values and the heat stress temperatures were compared among Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera(Table 8). There were no differences in the mean values of T_0 or in heat stress temperatures among the four orders. All of them showed about 10℃ for T_0 and the heat stress ranged from 29 to 31℃ . The Hemiptera, which includes taxa with widely different life history strategies, had T_0 values from the lowest(Aphididae) to the highest(Heteroptera) ranging from 5.3 to 13.1℃, respectively. The mean heat stress temperatures, on the other hand, showed little variation from 29.8 to 30.8℃(Table 8). It was concluded that global warming may result in a profound impact on arthropod community as a whole and its biodiversity as well. | |||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
農業環境技術研究所報告 en : Bulletin of National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 巻 31, p. 1-74, 発行日 2012-03 |
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| 出版者 | 独立行政法人 農業環境技術研究所 | |||||||||||
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| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0911-9450 | |||||||||||
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| 関連タイプ | isIdenticalTo | |||||||||||
| 識別子タイプ | DOI | |||||||||||
| 関連識別子 | 10.24514/00002995 | |||||||||||
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| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
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Cite as
KIRITANI, Keizi, 2012, The Low Development Threshold Temperature and the Thermal Constant in Insects and Mites in Japan (2nd edition): 独立行政法人 農業環境技術研究所, 1–74 p.
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