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  1. INDEX:組織別
  2. 農研機構 農村工学研究部門
  3. 研究報告
  4. 農工研報
  5. 53号

コンクリート水路によるカエル類の移動障害と個体群保全に関する研究

https://doi.org/10.24514/00002260
https://doi.org/10.24514/00002260
ef6db82f-201c-4485-a6bb-a3647bfec346
名前 / ファイル ライセンス アクション
nkk_report_No53p63-104p.pdf nkk_report_No53p63-104p.pdf (3.1 MB)
Item type 紀要論文01 / Departmental Bulletin Original Article(1)
公開日 2019-03-22
タイトル
タイトル コンクリート水路によるカエル類の移動障害と個体群保全に関する研究
タイトル
タイトル Restriction of Frog Migration by Constructing Agricultural Concrete Channels and Conservation of Frog Populations
言語 en
言語
言語 jpn
キーワード
主題Scheme Other
主題 農業水路
キーワード
主題Scheme Other
主題 生態系配慮
キーワード
主題Scheme Other
主題 農村生態系
キーワード
主題Scheme Other
主題 両生類
キーワード
主題Scheme Other
主題 個体群動態モデル
キーワード
言語 en
主題Scheme Other
主題 Agricaltural channel
キーワード
言語 en
主題Scheme Other
主題 Ecosystem conservation
キーワード
言語 en
主題Scheme Other
主題 Rural ecosystem
キーワード
言語 en
主題Scheme Other
主題 Amphibian
キーワード
言語 en
主題Scheme Other
主題 Population dynamics model
資源タイプ
資源タイプ識別子 http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
資源タイプ departmental bulletin paper
ID登録
ID登録 10.24514/00002260
ID登録タイプ JaLC
著者 渡部, 恵司

× 渡部, 恵司

渡部, 恵司

ja-Kana ワタベ, ケイジ

en WATABE, Keiji

Search repository
抄録
内容記述タイプ Abstract
内容記述 Recently, eco-friendly facilities have been installed in agricultural channels to improve rural ecosystems. However, it is not always possible to construct channels using natural materials, and, as a consequence, channels are frequently constructed from concrete. Such concrete channels may have adverse ecosystem effects; for example, those that are constructed across the migration routes of frogs would disconnect the links between frog habitats. This report evaluates the migration countermeasures that enable frogs to cross channels, focusing in particular on the Tokyo Daruma Pond Frog, Rana porosa porosa, and the Japanese Brown Frog, Rana japonica. The report comprises five chapters, with Chapter 1 providing an introduction. Chapter 2 reviews the migration countermeasures currently implemented in rural areas and the problems associated with these countermeasures. Pond frogs tend to move from one paddy field to another, whereas brown frogs migrate between paddy fields and the neighboring forests. Both types of frog often fall into the concrete channels that bisect their migration routes and are unable to escape. Hence, migration countermeasures, such as the construction of sloped walls that enable frogs to escape from these channels (hereinafter, “escape countermeasure”), and the installation of lid structures that allows frogs to cross channels, have been implemented. However, although various types of sloped wall have been installed, the effectiveness of these walls has not been evaluated. Chapter 3 describes three experiments that were performed to evaluate the capacity of the sloped walls to enable frog escape. Firstly, the escape effect of partially sloped walls was evaluated based on the proportion of pond frogs that escaped from an experimental channel via a sloped wall (hereinafter, “proportion escaping”). The experiment suggested that walls with slopes of 30 degrees would enable frogs to escape most easily from channels, and that a water depth of 5 cm, and a flow velocity of 20 cm/s or more, would assist frogs in reaching the sloped walls. Secondly, three prototype countermeasures that can be easily implemented in concrete channels were developed. The effectiveness of each countermeasure for the pond and brown frogs was evaluated, and more effective types of structure as escape countermeasures are discussed. Thirdly, the author proposes a relational expression to estimate the proportion of frogs that succeed in crossing a concrete channel (hereinafter, “proportion succeeding”) based on the proportion escaping, and evaluated the proportion succeeding of the prototype and existing countermeasures. Chapter 4 describes the population dynamics models used to assess brown frog population viability and to evaluate the population conservation effect of the migration countermeasures based on simulations. Three population dynamics models were developed: (1) a “basic model” based on an age-structured model; (2) a “density-dependent model” with the parameter of carrying capacity; and (3) a “crossing model” with the parameters of migration and the proportion succeeding. The simulation results for the crossing model suggest a concrete channel running across a frog migration route would critically endanger the frog population. The simulation results also show that the population conservation effect of the escape countermeasures may be low, although that of lid structures, which completely cover the channel, may be high. Chapter 5 summarizes the results of this study. The results suggest that concrete channels would critically restrict frog migration and population viability, whereas lid structures would be effective countermeasures for conserving frog populations. The population dynamics models may be useful as prior evaluation tools for selecting the optimum combination of eco-friendly measures to be taken on migration pathways, as well as frog nursery sites and habitats, for the conservation of frog populations. Further research designed to accumulate information on the migration countermeasures and to improve the population dynamics models is also proposed.
書誌情報 農村工学研究所報告
en : Bulletin of the NARO, Rural Engineering

巻 53, p. 63-104, 発行日 2014-03-14
出版者
出版者 独立行政法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 農村工学研究所
ISSN
収録物識別子タイプ ISSN
収録物識別子 1882-3262
DOI
関連タイプ isIdenticalTo
識別子タイプ DOI
関連識別子 10.24514/00002260
著者版フラグ
出版タイプ VoR
出版タイプResource http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
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