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コンクリート水路によるカエル類の移動障害と個体群保全に関する研究
https://doi.org/10.24514/00002260
https://doi.org/10.24514/00002260ef6db82f-201c-4485-a6bb-a3647bfec346
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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nkk_report_No53p63-104p.pdf (3.1 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文01 / Departmental Bulletin Original Article(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2019-03-22 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | コンクリート水路によるカエル類の移動障害と個体群保全に関する研究 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | Restriction of Frog Migration by Constructing Agricultural Concrete Channels and Conservation of Frog Populations | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 農業水路 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 生態系配慮 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 農村生態系 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 両生類 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 個体群動態モデル | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | Agricaltural channel | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | Ecosystem conservation | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | Rural ecosystem | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | Amphibian | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | Population dynamics model | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.24514/00002260 | |||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
渡部, 恵司
× 渡部, 恵司
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | Recently, eco-friendly facilities have been installed in agricultural channels to improve rural ecosystems. However, it is not always possible to construct channels using natural materials, and, as a consequence, channels are frequently constructed from concrete. Such concrete channels may have adverse ecosystem effects; for example, those that are constructed across the migration routes of frogs would disconnect the links between frog habitats. This report evaluates the migration countermeasures that enable frogs to cross channels, focusing in particular on the Tokyo Daruma Pond Frog, Rana porosa porosa, and the Japanese Brown Frog, Rana japonica. The report comprises five chapters, with Chapter 1 providing an introduction. Chapter 2 reviews the migration countermeasures currently implemented in rural areas and the problems associated with these countermeasures. Pond frogs tend to move from one paddy field to another, whereas brown frogs migrate between paddy fields and the neighboring forests. Both types of frog often fall into the concrete channels that bisect their migration routes and are unable to escape. Hence, migration countermeasures, such as the construction of sloped walls that enable frogs to escape from these channels (hereinafter, “escape countermeasure”), and the installation of lid structures that allows frogs to cross channels, have been implemented. However, although various types of sloped wall have been installed, the effectiveness of these walls has not been evaluated. Chapter 3 describes three experiments that were performed to evaluate the capacity of the sloped walls to enable frog escape. Firstly, the escape effect of partially sloped walls was evaluated based on the proportion of pond frogs that escaped from an experimental channel via a sloped wall (hereinafter, “proportion escaping”). The experiment suggested that walls with slopes of 30 degrees would enable frogs to escape most easily from channels, and that a water depth of 5 cm, and a flow velocity of 20 cm/s or more, would assist frogs in reaching the sloped walls. Secondly, three prototype countermeasures that can be easily implemented in concrete channels were developed. The effectiveness of each countermeasure for the pond and brown frogs was evaluated, and more effective types of structure as escape countermeasures are discussed. Thirdly, the author proposes a relational expression to estimate the proportion of frogs that succeed in crossing a concrete channel (hereinafter, “proportion succeeding”) based on the proportion escaping, and evaluated the proportion succeeding of the prototype and existing countermeasures. Chapter 4 describes the population dynamics models used to assess brown frog population viability and to evaluate the population conservation effect of the migration countermeasures based on simulations. Three population dynamics models were developed: (1) a “basic model” based on an age-structured model; (2) a “density-dependent model” with the parameter of carrying capacity; and (3) a “crossing model” with the parameters of migration and the proportion succeeding. The simulation results for the crossing model suggest a concrete channel running across a frog migration route would critically endanger the frog population. The simulation results also show that the population conservation effect of the escape countermeasures may be low, although that of lid structures, which completely cover the channel, may be high. Chapter 5 summarizes the results of this study. The results suggest that concrete channels would critically restrict frog migration and population viability, whereas lid structures would be effective countermeasures for conserving frog populations. The population dynamics models may be useful as prior evaluation tools for selecting the optimum combination of eco-friendly measures to be taken on migration pathways, as well as frog nursery sites and habitats, for the conservation of frog populations. Further research designed to accumulate information on the migration countermeasures and to improve the population dynamics models is also proposed. | |||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
農村工学研究所報告 en : Bulletin of the NARO, Rural Engineering 巻 53, p. 63-104, 発行日 2014-03-14 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 独立行政法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 農村工学研究所 | |||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 1882-3262 | |||||||||||
| DOI | ||||||||||||
| 関連タイプ | isIdenticalTo | |||||||||||
| 識別子タイプ | DOI | |||||||||||
| 関連識別子 | 10.24514/00002260 | |||||||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
