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農業副産物由来の炭化物利用について
https://doi.org/10.24514/0002000045
https://doi.org/10.24514/0002000045ae0a6d44-0aa0-42fb-a347-522d21b5a30d
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
TRNIREJ201_137-145.pdf (371 KB)
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©国立研究開発法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Japan |
| Item type | 紀要資料記事 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2024-02-14 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Utilization of Agricultural by-product-based carbons | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 農業副産物由来の炭化物利用について | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| ID登録 | ||||||
| ID登録 | 10.24514/0002000045 | |||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||
| 著者 |
凌, 祥之
× 凌, 祥之 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | Activated carbon is the most widely used adsorbent material in the world. For example, in the United States and Japan, a major use is the removal of taste and odor from drinking water. It is manufactured in two forms, powdered and granular, with the granular form being the more prevalent (Activated Carbon Markets, 1994). Activated carbon can be manufactured from virtually any material that has a reasonable elemental carbon content. Commercially, activated carbon is usually produced from bituminous or lignite coal in the United States. In Japan, where coal is scarce, activated carbons are produced from imported coal, coconut shells and domestic wooden trash. However, in Japan, carbonization of rice husks, sugarcane bagasse, municipal sludge and animal manure have been proposed (Wartelle and Marshall, 2001). Moreover, production of carbon from these source materials (feedstocks) may prove to be an excellent optional technology for disposing and/or recycling of these plant and animal wastes. Coal has a relatively high elemental carbon content compared to other source materials for carbon production, and when converted to a carbon, the yields are about 45-47% of the original mass of the source material. Other feedstocks for the commercial production of activated carbon in the United States include coconut shells, wood and peat(Bansal, et al., 1988). These feedstocks have a lower elemental carbon content than coal and thus activated carbon yields are in the range of 10-20% (Bansal, et al., 1988). Of the "other" feeds-tocks, coconut shells have the advantage of being a renewable resource where supplies are available on a nearly continuous basis. Nutshells, other than coconut shells have also been successfully converted to activated carbon and have been shown to have desirable physical, chemical and adsorption properties (Balci, et al., 1994, Ferro-Garcia, et al., 1988, Gergova, et al., 1992, Gergova, et al., 1994, Heschel and Klose, 1995, Rivera-Utrilla and Ferro-Garcia, 1987). The Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC) laboratory at, New Orleans, LA, USA has been instrumental in developing nutshell-based carbons with excellent adsorptive properties toward metal ions, such as copper ion (Cu巧 (Johns, et al., 1999, Toles, et al., 1997, 1998, 1999, Toles, et al., 2000, Toles and Marshall, 2002). While many of these studies have reported developing good quality carbons for the adsorption of metal ions and organic compounds, the technology for carbon production and the carbons themselves have been, to date, simply confined to the laboratory. At the National Institute for Rural Engineering(NIRE) in Tsukuba, Japan, studies have been initiated on the development of manufacturing technologies and the utilization of pyrolyzed feedstock such as rice husk, straw and municipal sludge for use in soil amendment applications (War telle and Marshall, 200 I). Activated carbons made from nutshells, other than those made from coconut shells and agricultural by-products have not been adopted, thus far, for commercial use. The objectives of this paper are twofold. First, the paper provides a blueprint for activities that are required to interest the private sector in technology transfer of new carbon technologies and new carbon products. Second, the paper reviews developments in activated carbon technology produced at the SRRC that has led to the production of phosphoric acid-activated nutshell carbons with excellent metal ion adsorption. The technology could be developed on a large scale to interest the business sector, both in the United States and Japan, in adopting this technology for commercial purposes. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | 活性炭は世界でも最も利用されている吸着材である．ココヤシの実，泥炭などの農業用副産物を原料として活性炭を製造しており，販売にあたっては様々な観点からの評価及び検討が必要である．筆者らは主にアメリカ合衆国農務省における研究を中心に，活性炭の金属吸着機能，それらの商業製品としての基準，原料コストの調達難易度の観点などからそれらの商品性を評価し，将来性を展望した．その結果，農業副産物由来の活性炭は有望な金属イオンの吸収体であり，効率及び製造コストの面からも商品性が高いと考えられる．また，これら技術の民閻企業への移転における問題点を抽出して整理した．更に，これら合衆国における既往の成果を，わが国の実情に合わせて技術開発し，普及するために，当該研究所で進めている炭化研究を概観し，技術普及に関する問題点を検討した．その結果，製造コスト次第では日本でも炭化物の用途は有望であると考えられる． | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 農業工学研究所技報 en : Technical report of the National Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering 巻 201, p. 137-145, 発行日 2003-03-28 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 独立行政法人農業工学研究所 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR RURAL ENGINEERING INDEPENDENT ADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTION | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0915-3314 | |||||
