| 著者 |
宮川, 三郎
吉田, 久
前野, 真司
HOLLY, Laszlo
HUMEID, Bilal
MOHAMEDHAMED, Labdi
|
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内容記述 |
The joint mission for collecting wheat and barley varieties in Algeria was carried out during 29 days from May 30 to June 27 1989 with the cooperative works among ITGC of Algeria, ICARDA and Japan (Table 1). Our exploration covered the various areas with mountainous region of Tell atlas, High plateau, Sahara atlas mountains and border region to the desert of Sahara. In all, 257 germplasm samples were collected : 63 Hordeum vulgare, 7 H. distichum, 6 H. bulbosum, 11 H. spp., 46 Triticum durum, 32 T. aestivum, 2 T. spp., 49 Aegilops spp., 1 Avena sativa, 1 Agropyron sp., 2 other Gramineae, 9 Vicia faba, 2 Vicia sativa, 3 Vicia spp., 4 Pisum sativum, 14 Cicer arietinum, 3 Lens culinaris, 1 Phaseolus radiatus and 1 Trigonella foenum-graecum. Also 37 cultivars samples were given from ITGC stock. Most of them are modern varieties and some other samples are collected in Syria. The eastern Telle Atlas mountains, namely Constantine mountains, Medjerda mountains and Djurdjura mountains were partially covered during this exploration and the large diversity of germplasm was observed essentially from standing crops as well as threshing floors and farmer's stores. Aures mountains, which have high altitudes and deep valleys, were also covered and many samples were collected from farmers' store. Because wheat and barley were still green and immature in the fields. In the high elevation of Sahara Atlas mountains, durum wheat was still green but barley was in maturity. In the High plateau, irrigation by pomping up water from a well was frequent and cultivation of durum wheat and barley were observed. The list of collected materials was shown in Table 3 with their passport data and some characteristics. H. bulbosum, which is useful species for haploid breeding techniques, was found growing along the roadside in the montainous and also hilly regions. After checking, its bulb seeds were collected as much as possible in the population. H. distichum was also found in several sites and variation of glume color was recognized. Barley was collected at the mountain gorges in the border of Saharian desert. T. aestivum was frequently found as a offtype in barley or durum wheat field. T. durum, which is a major crop in this country, showed vast variability. Variation about earliness, plant height, glume color, awn color, ear shape and kernel shape were observed in durum wheat. The ear samples of durum wheat from one site showed significant variation on the ear shape and the glume color, and it seemed that the site is a gene pool. Aegilops were frequently observed all the way long of our mission, although two species, namely, Ae. ventricosa and Ae. ovata were dominantly grown, some other unidentified species were also collected. Although Leguminosae was rarely found in the explored region, the cultivation of Vicia faba and Cicer arietinum were observed. Other legumes like Pisum sativum and Lens culinaris were also collected. The assistance of the Director General of ITGC is acknowledged. Thanks are also due to the Algerian authorities and especially to Deputy Director of ITGC, Dr. Feliachi KAMEL, for the permission to collect germplasm and also to its members Mr. Ali ZEGHIDA and Mr. Laddada MOHAMED for the participation. Without their help this mission would not have been possible. Many thanks for Algerian farmers and local persons who gave us their samples and helped us with their traditional hospitality. |
AREIPGR06_p93-125.pdf (2.1 MB)
