ニホンナシ新品種‘凜夏’

‘Rinka’ is an early maturing russet skin type new cultivar of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) released in 2013 by the Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science (NIFTS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization. The cultivar originated from a cross between ‘269-21’ (‘Hosui’ × ‘Osa – nijisseiki’) and ‘Akiakari’ in 1996, was selected as a promising tree in 2006, and subjected to the 8th national trial as Nashi Tsukuba 55 from 2007, which was conducted at 38 experimental stations in 37 prefectures throughout Japan. The cultivar was ultimately selected and released as ‘Rinka’ and was registered as No. 23912 under the Plant Variety Protection and Seed Act of Japan on March 3, 2015. ‘Rinka’ trees were intermediate and produced many fruit spurs and moderate amounts of axillary flower buds in the national trial. The date of full bloom of ‘Rinka’ averaged April 20, 2 days earlier than that of 'Kosui', and the harvest time averaged August 25, 2 days later than that of 'Kosui' in the national trial. It was resistant to black spot and there was no serious problem of diseases and insect pests under standard spraying program. ‘Rinka’ is cross-compatible with other leading cultivars as its S-genotype is S1S3, which is different from them. Since the number of fruitlets per cluster at 30 days after full bloom was averaged 3.1, which was fewer than that of ‘Kosui’ in the national trial, ‘Rinka’ possesses self-thinning trait. The fruit shape of ‘Rinka’ is oblate and uniformity of fruit is medium. The fruit weight averaged 448 g in the national trial, heavier than that of 'Kosui'. The flesh firmness of ‘Rinka’ was 4.5 lbs, softer than that of ‘Kosui’. The soluble solids content and pH in juice of ‘Rinka’ averaged 12.3% and 4.8, respectively, both of which were lower than those of ‘Kosui’. The eating quality of ‘Rinka’ was judged to be comparable with that of ‘Kosui’. The dead flower bud rate of ‘Rinka’ in Kagoshima prefecture (southwestern Japan) from 2011 to 2012 averaged approximately 5%, notably lower than that of ‘Kosui’, which averaged more than 40%. Therefore, ‘Rinka’ is expected to be a suitable cultivar for adapting to warmer climate.

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‘凜夏’は，1996年に269-21（‘豊水’×‘おさ二十世紀’）と‘あきあかり’を交雑し，育成した実生から選抜した早生のニホンナシ品種である．2007年からナシ第８回系統適応性検定試験に供試し，2013年2月の果樹系統適応性・特性検定試験成績検討会で新品種候補にふさわしいとの合意が得られ，2015年３月３日に第23912号として種苗法に基づき品種登録された．‘幸水’と比較して，樹勢は同程度，短果枝の着生はより多く，えき花芽の着生はやや劣る．開花期は‘幸水’よりやや早い．S遺伝子型はS1S3で，いずれの主要品種とも和合性を示す．成熟期は‘幸水’に近い.黒斑病抵抗性で，黒星病にはり病性である．結実後適度に生理落果する自家摘果性を有し，摘果時期である満開30日後における果そう内幼果数が‘幸水’より少ない．果実の大きさは448g程度で‘幸水’より大きい．果肉は硬度が4.5ポンド，糖度は12.3%程度，pHは4.8程度で，食味は‘幸水’と同程度である．全国で栽培可能である．特に鹿児島県等の‘幸水’での花芽枯死が発生しやすい地域で，開花異常の発生が少ないことから，当該地域での普及が期待される．

書誌情報

農研機構研究報告
en : Journal of the NARO Research and Development

巻 3, p. 1-8, 発行日 2020-03-31

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国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構

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National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Japan (NARO)

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2434-9909

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本文はJ-Stageよりご利用いただけます。

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This article full-text PDF is available at J-Stage.

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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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https://doi.org/10.34503/naroj.2020.3_1

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