The National Agriculture and Food Research Organization and Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute have collaborated since 2014 under the Plant Genetic Resource in Asia project in order to survey the genetic resources of vegetables in Cambodia. As a part of the project, the second collaborative field survey for solanaceous crops was conducted in Cambodia, from November 10th to 18th, 2015, in eastern Cambodia. The main targets of the survey were chili peppers and eggplants. We conducted surveys in the provinces of Prey Veng, Tboung Khmum, Kratie, Mondolkiri, Ratanakiri, and Stung Treng and collected 87 solanaceous accessions, including 74 chili peppers (28 Capsicum annuum L. and 46 Capsicum frutescens L.) and 13 eggplants (Solanum spp.). The sample for one of C. frutescens accessions was accidentally lost, so it was deleted from the collection list. The collected seeds were divided equally, with half deposited in the Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute gene bank and the other half transferred to the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization gene bank.