@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00007181,
 author = {宇賀, 優作 and UGA, Yusaku and Tin, Maw Oo and Tin, Maw Oo and Win, Twa and Win, Twa and 河瀨, 眞琴 and KAWASE, Makoto and 河瀬, 眞琴},
 journal = {植物遺伝資源探索導入調査報告書, Annual Report on Exploration and Introduction of Plant Genetic Resources},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {Myanmar has been known as a part of the gene center of rice from old times. Its diversity of wild rice as well as cultivated rice has been well conserved compared to surrounding countries. However, areas such as northern and western of the Myanmar were not surveyed for wild rice. Therefore, it is an important subject to survey and collect wild rice around these areas as important genetic materials for breeding and research. We explored and collected wild rice in the northern and western parts of Myanmar as a Myanmar-Japan collaborative field research under the NIAS Genebank Project in 2004. A total of 102 seed samples consisting of 93 Oryza rufipogon, six O. officinalis and three O. granulate were collected in this exploration. Regarding primary features of O. rufipogon collected in the northern and western part of Myanmar, many wild rice plants were growing in swamps and canals disturbed by people and livestock near paddy fields. Although some populations near paddy fields looked like hybrid swarms with introgression from cultivated forms, hybrid swarms did not necessary occur in habitats of wild rice in the vicinity of paddy fields. Many wild rice plants growing in deep water showed floating ability, while the others growing in shallow water formed rigid root systems in the soil. Relationships between plant height and depth of water varied among sites. Seed fertilities of wild rice plants collected in this survey were generally low, but those of the plants which looked like hybrids between wild and cultivated types were relatively high. We found distinctive habitats distributed in different areas. Many habitats of floating wild rice showing high seed fertility was discovered in Indawgyi Lake of Kachin State. A short grass-type wild rice having compact panicles were found near paddy fields along the roadside in Rakhine State and Ayeyarwady Division. It is important to elucidate the features of these habitats for understanding ecotypic differentiation of wild rice in Myanmar., ミャンマーはイネの遺伝資源中心地のひとつとして古くから知られ, 在来品種のみならず近縁野生種の多様性も近隣諸国に比べよく保存されている. しかしながら, 北部 Kachin 州や西部 Rakhin 州など調査が十分に行われていない地域もある. そこで, 今回, ミャンマー農業灌漑省農業研究部 (DAR) と共同でミャンマーの北部および西部地域を中心に野生イネの調査・収集を生物研ジーンバンク事業として実施した. 今回の探索で, 野生イネは合計で102点を収集した. このうち, O. rufipogon は93点, O. officinalis は6点, O. granulata は3点である. 今回ミャンマー北部および西部で収集した O. rufipogon の主な特徴をみると, 多くの野生イネが水田脇の湿地や水路に自生しており, 人や家畜による撹乱を受けていた. いくつかの水田脇の自生地では hybrid swarm が形成されていたが, 必ずしも水田脇の集団に hybrid swarm が形成されているとは限らなかった. 水深の深い湿地の野生イネは浮稲性を持っていたが, 比較的浅い湿地では地面に根を張る野生イネが多く観察された. 一方, 草丈と水位の関係は, 必ずしも相関があるようには観察されなかった. 野生イネの種子稔性は一般に低い傾向にあったが, 栽培種との雑種と思われる個体は種子稔性が比較的高かった. 地域ごとに特異的な特徴をみると, 北部 Kachin 州のIndawgyi 湖では, 高い種子稔性を持った浮稲性の野生イネの巨大な自生地を発見した. Rakhine 州や Ayeyarwady 管区では, 水田脇に短稈型で非開帳性の穂を持つ野生イネを多数観察した. これら地域ごとに特異的な集団の特性を明らかにすることは, ミャンマーの野生イネの生態を理解するうえで重要である.},
 pages = {117--133},
 title = {ミャンマー北部および西部地域における野生イネの探索収集 (2004年)},
 volume = {21},
 year = {2005},
 yomi = {ウガ, ユウサク and カワセ, マコト}
}