{"created":"2023-05-15T13:39:02.016750+00:00","id":3117,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"2f483a25-77f2-41d2-b2a2-a3f78f121a5b"},"_deposit":{"created_by":12,"id":"3117","owners":[12],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"3117"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00003117","sets":["87:660:683:404:410"]},"author_link":["6600"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2012-03","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"38","bibliographicPageStart":"1","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"30","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"農業環境技術研究所報告"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Transgenic insecticidal corn(maize) that produces a toxin derived from a soil bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) entered commercial cultivation in North America in 1996. Since then, Bt corn and Bt cotton have been grown extensively in North and South America and in India, Australia, China, South Africa, Spain, and other countries. In 1998 and 1999, researchers warned that Bt crops could have deleterious effects on ecosystems, and eswspecially on nontarget species. Their main concerns were the effects of corn pollen on butterflies, effects on natural enemy insects through the food chain, and the effects of persistent toxins on soil biota. By 2010, a total of 420 papers had been published about these concerns. They showed such concerns occurred only under laboratory conditions, never in the field. Thus, current commercial Bt crops appear to have little adverse effect on nontarget fauna and ecosystems. However, the safety of new transgenic crops with different genetic traits must be assessed. Careful management is necessary to maintain the benefits of transgenic insecticidal crops: to suppress the development of resistant strains of pests, the provision of refuge areas and the supply of seed encoding high levels of toxin are indispensable. Especially in developing countries, it is necessary to eliminate inferior seed encoding low levels of toxins.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"1996年に北米で、土壌細菌の一種であるBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 由来の殺虫性タンパク質を導入した害虫抵抗性遺伝子組換えトウモロコシの商業栽培が開始された。その後、南米、インド、オーストラリア、中国、南アフリカ、スペインなどで、BtトウモロコシとBtワタが広く栽培されている。1998年と1999年にBt作物による生態系、特に非標的生物への影響を懸念する論文が相次いで発表された。主な懸念は、トウモロコシ花粉飛散による蝶類への影響、食物連鎖を介した天敵生物への影響、難分解性Btタンパク質による土壌生態系への影響である。多くの追跡研究が行われ、2010年までに420本の論文が発表された。指摘された3つの懸念は、室内の特殊条件下では生じるが、野外ではほとんど起こり得ないことを多くの研究が証明した。すでに商業栽培が認可されているBt作物が、野外で有意な悪影響を与えるおそれはないだろう。しかし、導入遺伝子の形質が異なる新たな組換え作物については、商業栽培前に室内および野外で安全性評価が必要である。害虫抵抗性組換え作物のメリットを長期間維持するためには、管理された対策が必要である。抵抗性発達を抑制するため、緩衝区の設置や殺虫タンパク質を高濃度に発現する品種の採用が求められる。特に途上国では、発現濃度の劣る不良種子を排除する対策が必要である。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.24514/00002992","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"独立行政法人 農業環境技術研究所"}]},"item_10002_relation_14":{"attribute_name":"DOI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_type":"isIdenticalTo","subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"10.24514/00002992","subitem_relation_type_select":"DOI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0911-9450","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"白井, 洋一"},{"creatorName":"シライ, ヨウイチ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"SHIRAI, Yoichi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{},{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2019-10-09"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"niaes_report_No30p1-38p.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"682.0 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"niaes_report_No30p1-38p.pdf","url":"https://repository.naro.go.jp/record/3117/files/niaes_report_No30p1-38p.pdf"},"version_id":"6456a1e9-c51f-48e7-b516-79873c5ebeb0"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"害虫抵抗性遺伝子組換え作物による環境・生態系への影響：2010年までの研究事例","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"害虫抵抗性遺伝子組換え作物による環境・生態系への影響：2010年までの研究事例"},{"subitem_title":"Effects of transgenic insecticidal crops on environments and ecosystems: literature until 2010","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"12","path":["410"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2019-12-20"},"publish_date":"2019-12-20","publish_status":"0","recid":"3117","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["害虫抵抗性遺伝子組換え作物による環境・生態系への影響：2010年までの研究事例"],"weko_creator_id":"12","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-05-15T16:33:31.645074+00:00"}