@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00002344,
 author = {大谷, 文博 and OTANI, Fumihiro and 樋口, 浩二 and HIGUCHI, Koji and 小林, 洋介 and KOBAYASHI, Yosuke and 野中, 最子 and NONAKA, Itoko and 矢用, 健一 and YAYO, Kenichi and 須藤, まどか and SUTO, Madoka},
 journal = {畜産草地研究所研究報告, Bulletin of National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {An experiment that simultaneously controlled dietary potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) in lactating dairy cows was carried out to determine the effects of each nutrient on urine volume and whether simultaneous control of both nutrients could reduce urine volume effectively. Three feed treatments were arranged ; high K high crude protein (CP) diet (HH diet : 1.75% of K, 18.1% of CP) which combined soybean meal, corn and barley as formula feed with Italian ryegrass silage as a main roughage, and low K high CP diet (LH diet : 0.94% of K, 17.6% of CP) which reduced K content by using corn silage as a main roughage and replacing a substantial portion of formula feed with brewer's grain, corn gluten meal, urea and potato starch, and low K low CP diet (LL diet : 0.93% of K, 13.5% of CP) which reduced CP content by replacing a part of brewer's grain and corn gluten meal in LH diet with barley and potato starch. Diets were fed to four dairy cows in late lactation assigned to 3 x 3 Latin square design and balance trials were conducted. When LH and LL diets were fed, several nutrient digestibilities were lower than HH diet in consequence of poor digestibilities of ingredients constituted low K diets, although there were no differences in milk yield and composition rates among treatments, indicating that the control of K and N in diets did not exert adversely effects on milk production of dairy cows. Urine volume decreased from 14.5 kg/day in HH diet to 9.8 kg/day in LH diet and moreover decreased to 6.6 kg/day in LL diet. It was deduced that either decrease in K or N intake produced comparable reduction effect on urine volume of cows. Because it was confirmed that lower N intake could show additive reduction effect on urine volume even under lower K intake condition, it was thought that simultaneous control of both nutrients would be useful nutritional management to decrease urine volume in lactating dairy cows efficiently. In addition, it was suggested that the decrease in urine volume by feeding LH or LL diets might be able to reduce fecal water excretion, presumably in association with reduction of total water intake of dairy cows., 尿生成に関わる主要な栄養素要因と考えられるカリウム (K) と窒素 (N) を同時に制御した栄養管理を泌乳牛で行い, 両栄養素の尿量に対する効果と, 尿量低減化における両栄養素同時制御の有効性について検証した。飼料処理区としてイタリアンライグラスサイレージを主な粗飼料源とし, それに大豆粕, トウモロコシおよび大麦を組み合わせた高K高粗タンパク質 (CP) 飼料区 (HH区 ; K 1.75%, CP 18.1%), 主な粗飼料源にコーンサイレージを使用し, 配合飼料の多くの部分をビール粕, コーングルテンミール, 尿素および馬鈴薯デンプンに置き換えることでK含量を低下させた低K高CP飼料区 (LH区 ; K 0.94%, CP 17.6%) およびLH飼料のビール粕とコーングルテンミールの一部を大麦と馬鈴薯デンプンに置き換えてCP含量も低下させた低K低CP飼料区 (LL区 ; K 0.93%, CP 13.5%) の3区を設定し, 泌乳後期牛4頭を用いて3×3ラテン方格法で出納試験を実施した。低K飼料を給与したLHおよびLL区では, 使用した低K飼料原料の影響でHH区よりも成分消化率が低下したが, 乳量・乳成分率には飼料処理による有意な差は観察されず, KとNの制御によって乳生産に悪影響が生じることはなかった。尿量はHH区の14.5kg/日からLH区で9.8kg/日に減少し, さらにLL区では6.6kg/日まで減少した。KおよびN摂取量の減少は, 泌乳牛の尿量に対して同程度の低減効果を及ぼしていたと推測された。低K摂取量条件下でもN摂取量の減少が相加的な尿量低減効果を発揮することが確認されたことから, 両成分の同時制御によって泌乳牛の尿量を効率的に減少させる栄養管理は有効であると考えられた。また, LHあるいはLL飼料給与による尿量の減少は, 泌乳牛の総水分摂取量を減少させ, 糞中水分排せつ量も減少させる効果を有する可能性が示唆された。},
 pages = {41--52},
 title = {カリウムと窒素の同時制御による泌乳牛の尿量低減化},
 volume = {13},
 year = {2013},
 yomi = {オオタニ, フミヒロ and ヒグチ, コウジ and コバヤシ, ヨウスケ and ノナカ, イトコ and ヤヨウ, ケンイチ and ストウ, マドカ}
}