@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00002249,
 author = {小西, 美佐子 and KONISHI, Misako and 播谷, 亮 and HARITANI, Makoto and 木村, 久美子 and KIMURA, Kumiko and 坪井, 孝益 and TSUBOI, Takamitsu and 泉對, 博 and SENTSUI, Hiroshi and 村上, 賢二 and MURAKAMI, Kenji},
 journal = {動物衛生研究所研究報告, Bulletin of the National Institute of Animal Health},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is a disease of domestic goats caused by a lentivirus of the family Retroviridae. Since Japan has been assumed to be free from the disease, there has neither been information about it nor diagnostic methods for it so far. A disease characterized by arthritis of carpal joints and occasionally by pneumonia was seen among goats on a farm in Nagano prefecture of Japan in the summer of 2002. For the purpose of CAE detection, we developed an agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test using maedi-visna virus as the antigen according to the manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines of the Office International de Epizootic (OIE). We also developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, syncytium assay, and indirect immunofluorescence tests for CAEV. Serological investigation of CAEV was performed with 3,255 serum samples from goats in various parts of Japan. Seven hundred [and] fourteen goats were positive for the antibody to CAEV; the rate of positive reactors was 21.9%. Sixty-two Shiba goats, which were Japanese indigenous species and antibody positive to CAEV, were also investigated pathologically. The CAE specific findings in histopathology were observed in the carpal joint (68.2% of goats), tarsal joint (50.0% of goats) and metacarpopharangeal joint (50.0% of goats). Moreover, nonsuppurative mastitis (80.0% of goats) and interstitial pneumonia (17.9% of goats) were also observed. These results suggested that CAEV-infected goats have been prevalent in parts of Japan and also suggested that, in addition to a milk-borne infection, the droplet infection may be the important route for horizontal transmission of CAEV in Shiba goats., 山羊関節炎・脳脊髄炎（CAE）は, 2002年8月に日本国内で初めてその存在が明らかとなった. 本疾病の国内浸潤状況を調べるため, 診断方法の確立を試みた. その結果, ゲル内沈降（AGID）法による抗体検査, PCR法によるウイルス遺伝子検査, シンシチウムアッセイ及び間接蛍光抗体法（IFA）によるウイルス抗原検出が可能となった. AGID法を用いて全国から任意抽出された山羊血清について抗体調査を行った結果, 3, 255頭中714頭（21.9％）が抗体陽性であった. また, 日本在来種であるシバヤギにおけるCAEの特徴的病変を調べるため, 病理学的検査を行った. その結果, 四肢関節では手根関節（68.2％）, 足根関節（50.0％）, 中手指節間関節（50.0％）の順で非化膿性炎症像が多く見られた. また, 非化膿性乳腺炎（80.0％）及び間質性肺炎（17.9％）が高頻度で認められた. 他品種の山羊において, CAEVがこれらの組織の上皮細胞に感染し, 同様な病変を引き起こす事や, 感染山羊が乳汁中に感染能を有するウイルスを排出する事が知られており, 本研究の知見からシバヤギにおいても乳汁感染及び飛沫感染がCAEVの重要な伝播経路となる可能性が示唆された.},
 pages = {23--30},
 title = {山羊関節炎・脳脊髄炎の調査及び診断法の確立},
 volume = {113},
 year = {2007},
 yomi = {コニシ, ミサコ and ハリタニ, マコト and キムラ, クミコ and ツボイ, タカミツ and センツイ, ヒロシ and ムラカミ, ケンジ}
}