@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00002177,
 author = {副島, 淳一 and SOEJIMA, Junichi and 吉田, 義雄 and YOSHIDA, Yoshio and 羽生田, 忠敬 and HANIUDA, Tadayuki and 別所, 英男 and BESSHO, Hideo and 土屋, 七郎 and TSUCHIYA, Shichiro and 増田, 哲男 and MASUDA, Tetsuo and 小森, 貞男 and KOMORI, Sadao and 真田, 哲朗 and SANADA, Tetsuro and 伊藤, 祐司 and ITO, Yuji and 定盛, 昌助 and SADAMORI, Shosuke and 樫村, 芳記 and KASHIMURA, Yoshiki and 阿部, 和幸 and ABE, Kazuyuki and 古藤田, 信博 and KOTODA, Nobuhiro},
 journal = {果樹研究所研究報告, Bulletin of the National Institute of Fruit Tree Science},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {JM 2' is a semidwarfing and 'JM 5' is an extremely dwarfing apple rootstock released in 1997 by the National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 'JM 2'and 'JM 5' originated from a controlled cross of Malus prunifolia 'Seishi' x 'M.9' made during 1972 - 1975 to obtain new dwarfing rootstock clones that are easy to propagate by hardwood cutting. Over the next 11 years, seedling screening continued at Morioka, and these two clones together with other eight clones were selected in 1984 with the desirable characteristics for putative vigor estimated by the bark/ wood ratio of roots and their propagative ability. Beginning in 1985, these rootstock selections were entered into the regional trial conducted at 12 research sites in apple growing districts in Japan, as selection number Apple Rootstock Morioka No.2 and 5. Based on orchard performance and observations of disease and pest resistance, rootstock varieties were ultimately selected and released as 'JM 2' and 'JM 5' in 1997 and registered as No.8223 and 8224 under the Plant Variety Protection and Seed Act of Japan on July 31, 2000. The rooting abilities of these two JM rootstocks were much better than two other varieties, 'M.9EMLA' and 'M.26EMLA'. Over 90% of 'JM 2' cuttings and over 80% of 'JM 5' cuttings were rooted by using hardwood cutting in the nursery, whereas for 'M.9EMLA' and 'M.26EMLA' fewer than 7% of the cuttings were rooted in this manner. Average shoot lengths of 'JM 2' and 'JM 5' were 82 and 73 cm with shoot diameters of 6.4 and 6.1 mm respectively. 'JM 2' and 'JM 5' were resistant to crown rot (Phytophthora cactorum, P. cambivora). 'JM 2' was susceptible to wooly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum) but 'JM 5' was resistant. On the other hand, 'JM 2' was resistant against Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), but 'JM 5' was susceptible. 'JM 2' was less susceptible to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) than 'M.26'. Observations of 'Fuji' trees on 'JM 2' and 'JM 5' over 14 seasons in the orchard at Morioka proved that 'JM 2' was a semidwarfing rootstock, whereas 'JM 5' was an extremely dwarfing rootstock. 'Fuji' trees on 'JM 2' and 'JM 5' tended toward overgrowth of the rootstock. The number of suckers in 'JM 2' was similar to 'M.9EMLA' and very low in 'JM 5'. The two JM rootstocks produced very low amount of burrknots compared to 'M.9EMLA' and 'M.26EMLA'. The cumulative yield efficiency of 'Fuji' was lower on 'JM 2', but was higher on 'JM 5' than that of 'M.9EMLA'. Fruit weight, red color development, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and flesh firmness of 'Fuji' were measured. Large differences were not found in these traits except for lower fruit weight in 'JM 2' In 'JM 5', soluble solids content and flesh firmness were higher than those of 'M.9EMLA' and 'M.26EMLA' . Our results suggest that these two new rootstock varieties are worthy replacements for Marubakaido [Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh.] or 'M.27' in Japan.},
 pages = {19--36},
 title = {リンゴの半わい性台木および極わい性台木の新品種 'ＪＭ２'，'ＪＭ５'},
 volume = {16},
 year = {2013},
 yomi = {ソエジマ, ジュンイチ and ヨシダ, ヨシオ and ハニウダ, タダユキ and ベッショ, ヒデオ and ツチヤ, シチロウ and マスダ, テツオ and コモリ, サダオ and サナダ, テツロウ and イトウ, ユウジ and サダモリ, ショウスケ and カシムラ, ヨシキ and アベ, カズユキ and コトウダ, ノブヒロ}
}