{"created":"2023-05-15T13:38:13.765699+00:00","id":2098,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c8678165-d763-42aa-b164-051c08b62f44"},"_deposit":{"created_by":12,"id":"2098","owners":[12],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2098"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00002098","sets":["87:623:622:129:257"]},"author_link":["56"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2007-03-26","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"181","bibliographicPageStart":"125","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"48","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"九州沖縄農業研究センター報告"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Early maturity is the most important trait for wheat cultivation in southwestern Japan since rainfall during the late ripening stage can often cause inferior grain quality. Early sowing facilitates an early maturity. However, early sowing of conventional spring wheat causes the stem to elongate rapidly during winter, resulting in frost injury. A new winter wheat, Iwainodaichi, recently bred in Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, is a prospect for early sowing since stem elongation of winter wheat is not accelerated even if it is seeded early. The growth and development of winter wheat when seeded early is expected to differ from that of spring wheat when seeded on the standard date. The aim of this study is to determine eco-morphological traits and to develop new cultivation techniques for Iwainodaichi when seeded early. 1. Development and yield formation of Iwainodaichi when seeded early (1) Phenological development of Iwainodaichi. Winter wheat Iwainodaichi and spring wheat Chikugoizumi were cultivated by early and standard sowing, and their phenological developments were compared. The maturity of both cultivars when seeded early was May 22, which was four days earlier than that when seeded at the standard date. When seeded early, Iwainodaichi developed to the double-ridge stage 22 days later than Chikugoizumi, but reached anthesis only three days later than Chikugoizumi and reached maturity at almost the same date as Chikugoizumi. The duration from sowing to the double-ridge stage in Iwainodaichi was almost constant independent of the mean temperature in this phase, although the duration of this phase in Chikugoizumi decreased as the mean temperature in this phase increased. The period from double-ridge formation to anthesis decreased in both varieties as the mean temperature and photoperiod in this phase increased. The period from anthesis to maturity decreased as the mean temperature in this phase increased in both varieties and was shorter in Iwainodaichi than in Chikugoizumi at the same mean temperature. These results indicate that the temperature responses for the period from sowing to double-ridge formation and the period from anthesis to maturity differed between Iwainodaichi and Chikugoizumi. As a result, Iwainodaichi developed to the double-ridge stage later than Chikugoizumi but reached maturity at the same time as Chikugoizumi when seeded early. (2) Spike development of Iwainodaichi Spike development and its relationships with the number of spikelets and florets per spike were analyzed. The period from sowing to the terminal spikelet stage, which determines the number of spikelets, was longer in Iwainodaichi than in Chikugoizumi when seeded early. Accordingly, Iwainodaichi had more spikelets per spike than did Chikugoizumi when seeded early. In contrast, Iwainodaichi had a shorter period from the terminal spikelet stage to anthesis, which determines the number of florets, than did Chikugoizumi when seeded early. Accordingly, Iwainodaichi had fewer florets per spikelet than did Chikugoizumi when seeded early. As a result, Iwainodaichi had the same number of florets per spike as Chikugoizumi when seeded early. The number of florets per spike was closely related to the mean temperature from the terminal spikelet stage to anthesis. This result suggests that the number of florets per spike is apt to decrease when seeded early since the mean temperature from the terminal spikelet stage to anthesis is lower when cultivars are seeded early. (3) Leaf and stem development of Iwainodaichi. The development of leaves and stems and its relationships with leaf and stem shape were analyzed. The upper leaf blade and sheath in both Iwainodaichi and Chikugoizumi were shorter when seeded early than when seeded on the standard date, possibly because low temperature repressed the elongation of the leaves when seeded early. The culm of both Iwainodaichi and Chikugoizumi was longer when seeded early than when seeded on the standard date, possibly because the number of total leaves and internodes per shoot increased when seeded early. Iwainodaichi had a smaller flag leaf than Chikugoizumi, and Iwainodaichi's upper internodes were shorter than those of Chikugoizumi although the two cultivars had a similar culm length. These varietal differences of leaf and stem shapes might be attributed to the double ridge of Iwainodaichi developing later than that of Chikugoizumi in early sowing but the anthesis of Iwainodaichi being similar to that of Chikugoizumi. (4) Tiller development of Iwainodaichi. The development of tillers was compared among sowing dates and between cultivars. Although Iwainodaichi produced highly ordered and positioned tillers, most of these became non-productive when seeded early. Independent of sowing dates and cultivars, tiller emergence ceased around double-ridge formation, and whether emerged tillers become productive or not was determined around the terminal spikelet stage or early stem elongation stage. These results suggest that the tiller development was affected by the spike development and the stem elongation. These changes of the number of tillers per plant seemed to be correlated with the number of shoots per area. Iwainodaichi's maximum number of shoots per area increased as the sowing date became earlier, but that of Chikugoizumi did not greatly differ among sowing dates. Iwainodaichi's maximum number of shoot per area exceeded that of Chikugoizumi in both early and standard sowing. However the number of spikes per area was similar among sowing dates and between cultivars since the number of nonproductive tillers increases as the number of emerged tillers increases. (5) Growth and yield formation of Iwainodaichi. The grain yield of winter wheat Iwainodaichi seeded early and its relationship with the dry matter production, yield components and environmental factors were investigated. The top dry weight at anthesis when seeded early slightly exceeded that when seeded on the standard date because of the longer growth period. However, the leaf area index at anthesis in early and standard sowing was similar since the ratio of leaf dry weight to total dry weight decreases as the sowing date becomes earlier. The total dry weight at anthesis of Iwainodaichi was similar to that of Chikugoizumi when seeded early. Although the number of spikes per area was similar among sowing dates, the number of florets per spike and the number of grains per spike decreased and the thousand grain weight increased as the sowing date became earlier. Consequently, the grain yields in early and standard sowing were similar. The number of spikes per area and the thousand grain weight of Iwainodaichi slightly exceeded those of Chikugoizumi. However, Iwainodaichi had fewer grains per spike than did Chikugoizumi, so that the grain yields of Iwainodaichi were similar to those of Chikugoizumi. The grain yield was closely correlated with LAI at anthesis and the number of florets per area, but was not correlated with the mean temperature or cumulative solar radiation during the ripening period. These results suggest that grain yield is mostly determined before anthesis. In conclusion, the early sowing of both Iwainodaichi and Chikugoizumi enabled an earlier harvest with almost the same grain yield as compared with the standard sowing because of the longer growth period to anthesis. 2. Cultivation techniques for Iwainodaichi when seeded early (1) Effects of late top-dressing on development and yield of Iwainodaichi. The effect of late top-dressing on development and grain yield of Iwainodaichi and Chikugoizumi in early sowing was investigated over a four-year period. The grain yield was increased by late top-dressing in two of the four years as compared with early or standard top-dressing. In those two years, late top-dressing did not affect the number of florets per spike but increased the number of grains per spike and SPAD value during the ripening period. In the plant with late topdressing, the number of florets per area and grain yield were greater in Iwainodaichi than in Chikugoizumi in three of the four years. This seems to be attributed to the larger potential sink size of Iwainodaichi. These results suggest that in order to get a high grain yield of wheat in early sowing, a greater number of florets per area and a higher SPAD value during the ripening period are required, and, in this respect, late top-dressing is advantageous for Iwainodaichi. (2) Effects of low seeding rate on development and yield of Iwainodaichi. The effect of low seeding rate on development and grain yield of Iwainodaichi in early sowing was investigated over a two-year period. Although the number of shoots, LAI and total dry weight at maximum tiller stage were less for a low seeding rate than for the standard seeding rate, LAI, total dry weight and the number of floret per area at the flowering stage for a low seeding rate were similar to those in standard seeding rate. These results demonstrate that a low seeding rate has almost the same yield potential as a standard seeding rate. The low seeding rate did not affect the culm length, the number of internodes, or the length of each internode, but increased the number of spikelets and florets per spike, leaf length and width, and diameter of internodes. The SPAD value during the ripening period was higher for the low seeding rate. There were fewer spikes per area for the low seeding rate, but the number of grains per spike was greater for the low seeding rate than for the standard seeding rate, and the thousand grain weight was similar between low and standard seeding rates. As a result, the grain yield for the low seeding rate was equal to or greater than that for the standard seeding rate. A low seeding rate also resulted in high lodging resistance. These results suggest that a low seeding rate is superior to a standard seeding rate in early sowing of Iwainodaichi. 3. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the developmental pattern of winter wheat in early sowing significantly differed from that of conventional spring wheat in standard sowing and, based on these results, suggested that late top dressing and a low seeding rate were beneficial for early sowing of winter wheat Iwainodaichi.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"暖地のコムギ作では, 雨害による穂発芽や水稲作との作業競合を回避するために収穫期を早めることが求められている。そこで, 早播きしても茎立ちが早まらない秋播性早生コムギ品種イワイノダイチを用いて, 早播きにおける生育・収量特性を解明し, それに基づく栽培技術の開発を試みた。早播きは標準播きと比較して, 生育期間が長いために, 開花期の全乾物重が大きく稈長が長かった。開花期までの気温が低いために1穂小花数が減少し, 上位葉身が短くなった。登熟期間が長いために千粒重が大きくなった。成熟期は3日早く, 子実重は同等であった。早播きにおいて, イワイノダイチはチクゴイズミと比較して, 二重隆起形成期や茎立ち期が遅れるために凍霜害の回避が可能であった。栄養生長期間の延長に伴い1穂小穂数や最高茎数が多くなったが, 1穂小花数は同等で, 穂数はやや多い程度であった。出葉数が多く生葉数が多いために開花期の葉面積が大きかった。開花期の全乾物重は同等であり, 子実重も同等であった。後期重点施肥は標準施肥と比較して, 開花期の生育量は同等であったが, 登熟期間の SPAD 値が高く推移し, 子実重はやや高かった。疎播は標播と比較して, 初期生育は劣るが, 開花期の生育量は同等であり, 登熟期間の SAPD 値が高く推移し, 子実重はやや高く, 耐倒伏性が改善された。以上の結果から, 早播きには, イワイノダイチの後期重点施肥・疎播が適していると考えられた","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.24514/00002006","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"独立行政法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 九州沖縄農業研究センター"}]},"item_10002_relation_14":{"attribute_name":"DOI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_type":"isIdenticalTo","subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"10.24514/00002006","subitem_relation_type_select":"DOI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"1346-9177","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"福嶌, 陽"},{"creatorName":"フクシマ, アキラ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"FUKUSHIMA, Akira","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{},{},{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2019-03-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"konarc_report_No48p125-181p.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"5.3 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"konarc_report_No48p125-181p.pdf","url":"https://repository.naro.go.jp/record/2098/files/konarc_report_No48p125-181p.pdf"},"version_id":"638b81ac-acbc-4804-9290-34700f7f3af8"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"秋播性","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"播種量","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"早播き","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"コムギ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"イワイノダイチ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"施肥法","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"early sowing","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"fertilization method","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Iwainodaichi","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"seeding rate","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"spring wheat","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"winter wheat","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"暖地で早播き栽培した秋播性早生コムギ品種イワイノダイチの生育特性・収量形成に基づいた栽培技術の開発","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"暖地で早播き栽培した秋播性早生コムギ品種イワイノダイチの生育特性・収量形成に基づいた栽培技術の開発"},{"subitem_title":"Eco-morphological analysis and cultivation techniques of winter wheat Iwainodaichi when seeded early in southwestern Japan","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"12","path":["257"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2019-03-22"},"publish_date":"2019-03-22","publish_status":"0","recid":"2098","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["暖地で早播き栽培した秋播性早生コムギ品種イワイノダイチの生育特性・収量形成に基づいた栽培技術の開発"],"weko_creator_id":"12","weko_shared_id":12},"updated":"2023-05-15T16:08:01.802875+00:00"}