{"created":"2023-05-15T13:38:04.826009+00:00","id":1858,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"b649e706-7bf6-4b11-96c6-af88082f6214"},"_deposit":{"created_by":12,"id":"1858","owners":[12],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1858"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00001858","sets":["87:623:622:129:249"]},"author_link":["1546"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2001-12-27","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"78","bibliographicPageStart":"15","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"39","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"九州沖縄農業研究センター報告"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus nezarae parasitizes eggs of phytophagous bugs in soybean fields. Since this parasitoid has a comparatively wide host range and attains high parasitism in soybean fields of Kyushu. it is considered to be an important natural enemy of phytophagous bugs. I studied the hostparasitoid interaction between 0. nezarae and the host bug species. In particular. I attempted to clarify the host species preference of this parasitoid and the interspecific competitions between this parasitoid and other dominant parasitoid species competitively attacking the eggs of the same bug species. In the course of the study. If ound that the female 0. nezarae was attracted by a synthetic aggregation pheromone of the bean bug Riptortus clavatus. which is one of the major hosts of this parasitoid. This parasitoid female utilized the host pheromone as an attractant kairomone in the host searching process. Thus. I investigated the possibility of the attractant kairomone as a control agent to increase parasitism by 0. nezarae in soybean fields. Finally, I discuss the host-parasitoid relationship from the standpoints of competition, adaptation, and the future prospects of augmenting the activity of natural enemy parasitoids. The results obtained in each chapter are summarized as follows. 1. Interaction between the egg parasitoids, in particular 0. nezarae, and the phytophagous bugs in soybean fields Seasonal fluctuations in the egg densities of phytophagous bugs, parasitism to the eggs by the parasitoids, and the abundance of parasitoid wasps were investigated in soybean fields in Kumamoto, Japan, from 1990 to 1994. 1) The eggs of the following seven species of phytophagous bugs were found on the soybean plants : Riptortus clavatus (THUNBERG), Piezodorus hybneri (GMELIN), Eysarcoris guttiger (THUNBERG), Nezara antennata SCOTT, N. viridula (LINNAEUS), Plautia crossota stali SCOTT, and Megacopta punctatissimum (MONTANDON). 2) O. nezarae females attacked all seven bug species. Although the parasitism rates varied among the bug species, high parasitism was usually attained in the eggs of R. clavatus, P. crossota stali, and M. punctatissimum. 3) 0. nezarae was a gregarious parasitoid in the eggs of R. clavatus and P. crossota stali, while it was a solitary parasitoid in the other host species. Thus, an egg of the former species was more valuable as a host resource than an egg of the latter species. Considering the abundance of the eggs in fields and the value of an egg in terms of the number of parasitoids completing their development in a single host egg. the eggs of R. clavatus and P. hybneri are major stable resources as hosts of the parasitoid in soybean fields. 4) The number of 0. nezarae females caught in sticky-suction traps and the parasitism by 0. nezarae increased with increases in the egg density of R. clavatus, suggesting synchronization and a close interaction between this parasitoid and R. clavatus in soybean fields.5) Higher parasitism by 0. nezarae was found in the eggs laid on soybean leaves than in the eggs laid on stems or pods by R. clavatus and P. hybneri. This result suggests that the female wasps tend to search for host eggs on the leaves of soybean plants. This host-searching behavior of the parasitoids was one cause of the difference in parasitism performance among the bug species with specific oviposition sites 6) Only females of 0. nezarae were caught by the traps during the season when the parasitoids immigrated into the soybean fields. When new wasps began to emerge in the soybean fields, the trapped wasps became male-biased. These results suggest that female wasps are colonizers and disperse more rapidly from emergence sites than males.2. Preference of 0. nezarae for two host species The oviposition behavior of 0. nezarae females toward the eggs of the two host bugs, R. clavatus and P. hybneri, was investigated in the laboratory. The development of the immature parasitoid in these two host eggs and the reproductive traits of the females that emerged from these two hosts were compared. The results obtained are discussed in view of host preference and adaptation. 1) When 0. nezarae females encountered R. clavatus eggs, they immediately began drumming on the eggs. However, the female wasps carried out the drumming after several contacts with P. hybneri eggs. Consequently, 0. nezarae females took more time to complete their oviposition on the P. hybneri eggs, sometimes leaving the eggs without ovipositing. 2) 0. nezarae females preferred R. clavatus eggs to P. hybneri eggs, according to their acceptance rates and a choice test in the laboratory. This preference was not affected after some generations were reared in P. hybneri eggs, suggesting that the female wasps have an innate preference for R. clavatus eggs and that this preference is partially determined genetically. This preference is considered to be one of the major causes of the difference in parasitism rates among host species in fields. 3) The different behavior (drumming and oviposition) of the parasitoid females on the two host bug species was attributed to the difference in the chemical properties of the egg surface. In addition, physical characteristics, including the size and shape of the eggs, may be involved in the host's recognition of the parasitoid females. 4) Survivorship of the immature parasitoids in R. clavatus eggs was significantly higher than that in P. hybneri eggs. The female wasps that emerged from R. clavatus eggs had more eggs than the females from P. hybneri. In addition, the cost (time) required for host acceptance was low for R. clavatus eggs compared with P. hybneri eggs. Therefore, this host preference of 0. nezarae females is highly adaptive. 3. Interspecific competitions between 0. nezarae and other parasitoid species Interspecific larval competitions between 0. nezarae and other parasitoid species in the multiparasitized eggs of R. clavatus or P. hybneri were examined in laboratory experiments. 1) The winner of the larval competition between 0. nezarae and either of the two Gryon species in the eggs of R. clavatus depended on the interval of their ovipositions. Gryon spp. emerged from the host egg when both parasitoids attacked the hosts within a short interval (one day or less). In contrast, 0. nezarae was the successful competitor in a long interval, i.e., it laid eggs at least three days earlier or later than its competitor. 2) The competition between 0. nezarae and Telenomos triptus in the eggs of P. hybneri was asymmetric, and 0. nezarae had a consistent advantage over T. triptus. 3) These results indicate that 0. nezarae is a more successful competitor in P. hybneri eggs than in R. clavatus eggs. However, this success of 0. nezarae in P hybneri eggs did not reflect the parasitism in the fields, since the percentage of parasitism of P. hybneri eggs by 0. nezarae was usually low in soybean fields. 4. Synthetic aggregation pheromone of R. clavatus : attractiveness to 0. nezarae and the effect of application on the parasitism activity of 0. nezarae in soybean fields The attractiveness of the synthetic male aggregation pheromone of R. clavatus to 0. nezarae was examined to clarify the active components of the pheromone. The effect of field application of one of the active pheromone components on the density of 0. nezarae and its parasitism in soybean fields was then studied. 1) 0. nezarae females were attracted by one of the components of the synthetic pheromone, (E)-2-hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoate (E2HZ3H), as well as a synthetic aggregation pheromone (a mixture of three substances). E2HZ3H did not attract the pest bug R. clavatus. Therefore, E2HZ3H application was expected to increase the density of 0. nezarae, which is a common natural enemy of various phytophagous bugs. 2) When fields were treated with E2HZ3H, 0. nezarae females migrated into the treated fields earlier, before R. clavatus invasion, than they did into the untreated fields. Thereafter, the parasitoid females reached higher densities in the treated fields. Thus, the E2HZ3H field application was successful in increasing the parasitoid density without attracting pest bugs. 3) The parasitism of R. clavatus eggs by 0. nezarae was often significantly greater in the E2HZ3H-treated fields than in the untreated fields in autumn, when the field densities of 0. nezarae were high. However, the percentage of parasitism did not go up with the E2HZ3H application in summer, when the 0. nezarae density was usually low in the fields.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_description_6":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"卵寄生蜂カメムシタマゴトビコバチの寄主選好性や種間競争など, 寄主カメムシや他種卵寄生蜂との相互作用を解明し, 本寄生蜂がダイズ圃場でホソヘリカメムシの有力な天敵となり得る理由を考察した。さらに, 本寄生蜂を誘引する物質を発見し, ダイズカメムシ類の防除技術への応用を試みた。以下に主な結果を記載する。本寄生蜂は, 茎や莢よりも葉で寄生率が高く, 寄主として他種カメムシ卵よりもホソヘリカメムシ卵を選好した。これら本寄生蜂の寄主探索行動と寄主種に対する選好性が, 野外で寄主種による寄生率の差をもたらす最も重要な要因と考えられた。また, ホソヘリカメムシ卵では, 幼虫の生存率が高く, 羽化した雌蜂の寿命が長く蔵卵数が多いことから, 本寄生蜂のホソヘリカメムシ卵に対する選好性は適応的な行動であることが明らかとなった。本寄生蜂は, 寄生率の高いホソヘリカメムシ卵よりも, 寄生率の低いイチモンジカメムシ卵で他種卵寄生蜂との幼虫間の種間競争に強く, 種間競争の結果が, 野外で寄主種による寄生率の差をもたらす主要な要因ではなかった。本寄生蜂は, ホソヘリカメムシ合成集合フェロモンの1成分である (E)-2-hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoateに誘引された。本物質をダイズ圃場に処理することにより, ホソヘリカメムシを誘引せず, 雌蜂の密度を高めることができた。雌蜂の絶対的な密度が高くなる秋ダイズでは, 本物質を処理することにより寄生率が高くなり, 防除素材としての利用が考えられた。","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.24514/00001808","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"独立行政法人 農業技術研究機構 九州沖縄農業研究センター"}]},"item_10002_relation_14":{"attribute_name":"DOI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_type":"isIdenticalTo","subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"10.24514/00001808","subitem_relation_type_select":"DOI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"1346-9177","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorAffiliations":[{"affiliationNameIdentifiers":[{"affiliationNameIdentifier":""}],"affiliationNames":[{"affiliationName":""}]}],"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"MIZUTANI, Nobuo","creatorNameLang":"en"},{"creatorName":"水谷, 信夫","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ミズタニ, ノブオ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"familyNames":[{},{},{}],"givenNames":[{},{},{}],"nameIdentifiers":[{},{},{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2019-03-19"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"konarc_report_No39p15-78p.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"9.7 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"konarc_report_No39p15-78p.pdf","url":"https://repository.naro.go.jp/record/1858/files/konarc_report_No39p15-78p.pdf"},"version_id":"ab86700c-d03e-4f85-b1f6-657de66c4dbf"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"カメムシタマゴトビコバチ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"卵寄生蜂","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"ホソヘリカメムシ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"イチモンジカメムシ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"寄生選好性","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"種間競争","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"集合フェロモン","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"ダイズ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Ooencyrtus nezarae","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"egg parasitoid","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Riptortus clavatus","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Piezodorus hybneri","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"host selection","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"interspecific competition","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"aggregation pheromone","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"soybean","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"卵寄生蜂カメムシタマゴトビコバチとダイズカメムシ類の寄主・寄生者関係に関する研究","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"卵寄生蜂カメムシタマゴトビコバチとダイズカメムシ類の寄主・寄生者関係に関する研究"},{"subitem_title":"Host-Parasitoid Interaction between the Egg Parasitoid Ooencyrtus nezarae ISHII (Hymenoptera : Encyrtidae) and Phytophagous Bugs in Soybean Fields","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"12","path":["249"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2019-03-22"},"publish_date":"2019-03-22","publish_status":"0","recid":"1858","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["卵寄生蜂カメムシタマゴトビコバチとダイズカメムシ類の寄主・寄生者関係に関する研究"],"weko_creator_id":"12","weko_shared_id":12},"updated":"2023-07-20T08:12:58.755275+00:00"}