@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00001739,
 author = {東出, 忠桐 and HIGASHIDE, Tadahisa},
 journal = {近畿中国四国農業研究センター研究報告, BULLETIN of THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER for WESTERN REGION},
 month = {May},
 note = {To avoid problems such as lifting soil up and soil-borne diseases, when growing tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) on hillside fields, a soilless culture system suitable for use on sloping land was developed. Two kinds of drip tubing were tested in a sloped greenhouse in which the 20° gradient and the difference in elevation between the highest and the lowest lines was about 4.5m. When the main water valve was open, the flow rate was almost the same in each dripper line because both tubings included an internal pressure-compensating mechanism to maintain a constant flow rate over a wide pressure range. However, the amount of leakage from the lowest line after closing the water valve differed depending on the type of tubing. With tubing that had a shut-off mechanism and when check valves were inserted into the main line to divide the dripper lines into sections, the outflow from the lowest line in the greenhouse stopped even faster. A soilless culture system suitable for use on sloping land was developed to avoid problems experienced on hillside fields. The soilless culture system was constructed from individual drippers that had mechanisms of pressure-compensated and shut-off inserted into polyethylene blank tubing, fertilizer tanks, a disk filter, fertilizer injectors, a drainage reservoir, an aspirator, an electromagnetic valve, and a time switch. The nutrient solution supply and injection of fertilizer were powered only by water pressure, without electric power or a pump. Nutrient solution that was not absorbed by the plants drained into the lower side of the thick plastic sheeting. Cultivation beds were placed along contour lines. The unabsorbed nutrient solution drained within the plastic sheeting along the slope of the ground into a reservoir tank. Used nutrient solution from the reservoir tank was mixed with fresh solution for re-use by means of an aspirator. The impact of installing the soilless culture system and a sloped greenhouse in tomato-growing farms was investigated in Shikoku area, Japan. Tomato yields in the sloped greenhouse with the soilless culture system were exceedingly higher (170%) than those under the conventional rain shelters. To promote tomato production on sloping land, light interception by plants was investigated. Tomato plants were grown in a sloped greenhouse and in a conventional greenhouse on a ground terrace and transplanted in south-south-west to north-north-east lines in both greenhouses. Light interception by middle and lower leaves on the sloped field were higher than that on the flat field. The light attenuation in the plant canopy on the slope was significant less than that on the flat land. The number of harvested fruits and the yield of plants grown in summer and autumn were significantly and positively correlated with solar radiation during the days before anthesis. Therefore, fluctuations in fruit number and yield could be predicted by a model based on the solar radiation from 10 to 4 days before anthesis. Validation based on a dataset independent of the one used to develop this model showed a good correlation between observed and predicted results for plants grown in summer and autumn. Thus, solar radiation before anthesis was one of the important factors in prediction of tomato yield under warm greenhouse conditions.},
 pages = {37--98},
 title = {わが国の中山間傾斜地における施設園芸作物の安定多収生産に向けての養液栽培技術の開発},
 volume = {9},
 year = {2010},
 yomi = {ヒガシデ, タダヒサ}
}