@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00001654,
 author = {伊藤, 秀和 and ITO, Hidekazu},
 issue = {83},
 journal = {野菜茶業研究所研究報告, Bulletin of the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Chapter I : The background, purpose, and an outline of the remaining chapters are described briefly. The instrument used in this study was a near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometer with a concentric fiber optic probe in interactance mode. Chapter II : The optical absorption spectrum was measured using an NIRSystems model 6500 spectrophotometer. As the distance (0 to 6mm) between the surface of the blossom end of a melon and the end of the fiber probe increased, the absorbance approached zero. The absorbances at 832, 858, and 950 nm also converged on zero for the sugar solution. These measured spectra had no problems with noise. When the distance between the surface of the blossom end and the end of the fiber probe was 2 and 4mm, the two NIR-calculated Brix values were similar. Since melons have an uneven surface, each melon was hand placed a few mm from the end of the fiber optic probe to measure the optical spectrum. We called this new spectral measurement method 'Non-contact spectral measurement' in interactance mode. For correlation spectra, 'Non-contact spectral measurement' produced better correlation coefficients than the usual method, 'Contact spectral measurement', in which each melon was hand placed on the end of the fiber optic probe, except at around 980 nm in the shortwave NIR range. The absorbance around 904nm is associated with a broad carbohydrate absorption band. When this wavelength was included as one of the independent variables in the multiple linear regression (MLR) equation for non-destructive Brix determination, 'Non-contact spectral measurement' resulted in a more accurate NIR-calculated Brix than the usual method. Therefore, the calibrations of the non-contact measurement were more robust than those of the contact measurement. The measurement of samples using a non-contact, non-invasive process enables the ultimate in quality management. The independent variables in the MLR calibration for Brix were 902, 876, 856, and 828 nm. The absorbances around 904 and 880 nm are both 'Key wavelengths for non-destructive Brix determination'. By contrast, the correlation coefficients between the absorbances at 830 or 858 nm and the Brix in the irradiated area of the melons were both almost zero. Chapter III : Kubota corporation has recently developed a portable NIR spectrophotometer (Kubota K-BA 500, prototype of the K-BA 100) for field use. Therefore, this chapter determined the potential value of NIR spectroscopy for evaluating Brix in growing melons non-destructively. The variance in the spectra of growing melons was greater than that of harvested melons. In addition, the spectral absorbances were small and were an order of magnitude lower than those presented in chapter II Nevertheless, the Brix could be estimated in the growing melons using an MLR equation calibrated using harvested melons. The root-mean-square (RMS) value was good (0.829 Brix) .Monitoring Brix in a growing melon showed that the NIR-calculated Brix increased rapidly and became almost constant at a maximum value at harvest time. The wavelengths at 906, 874, 830, and 856 nm were selected as independent variables in the MLR calibration for Brix. These were similar to the wavelengths selected in chapter II. The readings at 830 and 856 nm improved the large bias that occurred at key wavelengths for non-destructive Brix determination in growing melons. Chapter IV : Kubota corporation enabled the practical use of non-contact Brix determination in melon by developing a portable NIR spectrophotometer, the Kubota K-BA 100. The calibration models of K-BA 100 were developed using samples at various temperatures to minimize the effect of temperature variation. We evaluated the accuracy of the NIR-calculated Brix and the results were good. The MLR calibration of Brix in melons identified 902, 876, 838 and 862 nm as independent variables, similar to the values discussed in chapters II and III. Chapter V : The objective of this chapter was to assess the potential of NIR spectroscopy for the non-destructive detection of water-soaked and browning flesh in melons. NIR spectra were measured in non-contact mode. The symptom of water-soaking in melons has a similar physiological basis to browmingin apples ; browning in apples and melons, and the spectral availability, could allow the non-destructive detection of this physiological disorder. The absorbance around 810 nm was key to detecting this physiological disorder non-destructively in melons with water-soaked or browning flesh internally. Using a MLR calibration including 810 and 942 nm as independent variables, 100% of sound melons were detected, while 83% of internally water-soaked or browning melons were detected. Therefore, we concluded that NIR technology has potential for the non-destructive detection of water-soaked and brmvning flesh in melons. Chapter VI : This chapter offers a discussion of how both the software for spectral measurements, like the regression equation, and the hardware, such as the spectrophotometer, contribute to improving the accuracy of NIR-calculated dependent variables.},
 title = {近赤外分光法によるメロン品質の非破壊計測法の開発},
 volume = {6},
 year = {2007},
 yomi = {イトウ, ヒデカズ}
}