@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00001549,
 author = {水久保, 隆之 and MIZUKUBO, Takayuki and 清水, 啓 and SHIMIZU, Kei and 相場, 聡 and AIBA, Satoshi and 伊藤, 賢治 and ITO, Kenji and 奈良部, 孝 and NARABU, Takashi},
 journal = {中央農業総合研究センター研究報告, Bulletin of the National Agricultural Research Center},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {The efects of antagonistic plants on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognira (Mi), were evaluated in a series of six field experiments. The effects of antagonistic plants in combination with application of Pasteuria penetrans, a biological-control agent of M. incongnita, were also investigated. 1, The effects of the winter antagonistic plants rye Secale cereale cv. 'Raitaro' (Takki Seeds Co.) and wild oats, Avena sterilis cv. 'Negusare-Taiji' (Takii Seeds Co.) in control of root-knot nematode were evaluated in a field study conducted from November, 1997 to May, 1998 at the National Agriculture Research Center (NARC) Tsukuba, Japan. The control was a clean fallow kept free of plants. The average initial population (Pi) per 20g soil was 100 J_2 in the field plots. Final populations (Pf) of Mi per 20g soil after cultivation of rye, oats and clean fallow were 73, 56 and 57 J_2, respectively. The standardized reproduction indices of Mi (Pf/Pi ratio as percentage of Pf/Pi ratio of the control) in rye and oats were 117 and 98, respectively. Fresh shoot weight of oats was twice that of rye. None of the root systems of rye or oats were galled. Mi final populations in the plots of antagonistic plants and clean fallow suggested that rye and oats were not hosts and did not serve as trap crops for Mi J_2. It was concluded that although the winter antagonistic cultivars 'Raitaro' (rye) and 'Negusare-Taiji' (oats) maybe useful for some nematode species, they were not effective under the conditions of the experiment in control of Mi 2. The effects of the summer antagonistic plants crotalaria, Crotalaria brevifora cv. 'Nekobu Killer II' (Takii Seeds Co.), guinea grass, Panicum maximum cv. 'Natsukaze' (Takii Seeds Co.), sudan grass, Sorbhum sudanense cv. 'Berusudan HS9401' (Takii Seeds Co.), sorghum, Sorghum vulgare cv, 'Lucky Sorugou II' (Takii Seeds Co.), African marigold, Tagetes electa cv 'African marigold' (Takii Seeds Co.), guinea grass, Panicum maximum cv. 'Soil clean' (Snow brand Co.), and sorghum, Sorghum vulgare cv. 'SS701' (Snow brand Co.) on control of root-knot nematode were evaluated in field experiments conducted from May, 1997 to September, 1997 at the NARC in Tsukuba. Eggplant, Solanum melongana cv 'Senryo' (Takii Seeds Co,) and clean fallow were the controls. The average initial population per 20g soil in these plots was less than 10 J_2. The final populations of Mi per 20g soil in the plots of the seven antagonistic plants were also all less than 10 J_2. Sorghum 'SS701' had the lowest reproduction index (15%) standardized by the clean fa11ow. The other antagonistic plants had indices of 100% or more. Fresh shoot weight of sorghum 'SS701' (1.3t per 10a) was nearly twice as much as the weights of the other cultivars. 3. The decrease in Mi populations after 'Soil clean' and 'SS701' cultivation were measured using a bioassay with the Mi susceptible tomato cultivar 'Kyoryoku Beiju' (Takii seeds Co.). Seedlings were transplanted just after the antagonistic cultivars were harvested and were grown for three months. The clean fallow plot was also transplanted with tomato seedings and served as the control. Root-knot indices of all plants were 14 to 18 (0-100 index). The Pfs of Mi per 20g soil were also very low for all plots with values ranging from O.5 to 2.7. 4. The persistence of the suppressive effects of antagonistic plant cultivation on Mi in the following year was measured using carrots, Daucus carota cv 'Asubeni Gosun' (Takii seeds Co.). Carrots were grown for 86 days from April to July 1998. Mi populations increased after carrot cultivation in all plots previously planted with the seven antagonistic cultivars. Relatively higher populations were present in plots previously planted with the two sorghum cultivars. Mi final populations in the plots that were previously clean fallow were used to standardize the reproduction index. The indices averaged 900 in plots that were previously 'SS701', 20 in plots previously 'Nekobu killer', and 40 in plots previously 'African marigold'. There were no significant differences in the total harvest (kg) of carrot or in gall indices between plots of treatments including the plots that were formerly clean fallow. The gall indices were commonly 30, irrespective of previous plantings. It was concluded that clean fallow and all the cultivars of antagonistic plants examined had similar effects on suppressing Mi in the next year of cropping. 5. The effects of the summer antagonistic plants marigold Tagetes electa cv. 'African Ta11' (Kaneko Seeds Co.), marigold Tatetes electa cv. 'Tall Kongou' (Sakata Seeds Co.), sorghum Sorghum vulgare cv 'Sudakkus' (Kaneko Seeds Co.), and sorghum Sorghum vulgare cv. 'SS701' (Snow brand Co.) on control of Mi were evaluated in a field experiment conducted from May to August, 1999 in a Held at the NARC. A Mi susceptible tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum cv. 'Ohgata-fukuju' and clean fallow were the controls. Populations of Mi in the antagonistic plant plots declined with time. Populations of Mi at the intermediate and final sampling period did not differ from those of the fallow. No galls were observed in the root systems of the four antagonistic plant cultivars. The yield or fresh shoot weight of sorghum 'SS701' was 10t per 10a, which did not significantly differ from the yield of 'Sudakkusu' (8.8t/10a). 6. The combined effects of Pasteuria and the summer antagonistic plants marigold 'African Tall', marigold 'Tall Kongou', sorghum 'Sudakkus', and sorghum 'SS701' on Mi control were measured, In the year 2000 all plots described in previous heading 5 were divided into subplots without a P. penetrans application (Pp-) and subplots with a P. penetrans application (Pp+). A commercial product of P. penetrans containing 10^9 endospore per l g powder was applied to the Pp + plots at the densities of 2.5g/m^2. Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum cv. 'Kyoryoku-beiju' was grown for 132 days in these plots from May to September. The gall indices of tomato roots were 80 or more (O-100 index), irrespective of the antagonistic plant cultivars previously planted. Moreover, there were no significant differences in gall indices between the previously antagonistic plant plots or between subplots with or without Pasteuria (Pp+ or Pp-) of the same antagonistic plant plots. There was significant yield reduction of tomato fruits in the continuous tomato cropping plots compared to plots previously planted with antagonistic plants. Neither previously plan廿ng an antagonistic plant nor application of P. penetrans had a significant affect on yield as expressed by total fruit yield (g) per plant, number of fruits per plant, and number of marketable fruits per plant. The Mi population in the continuous tomato-cropping plot was significantly lower than those in the antagonistic plant plots as well as the clean fallow. Mi populations did not differ significantly between plots previously planted with antagonistic plants and the clean fallow, irrespective of P. penetrans treatment (Pp+ or Pp-). Pasteuria pebetrabs treatment did not affect the Mi population within each of the antagonistic plant plots. It was concluded that the control effect of antagonistic plants was insufficient when Pi of Mi exceeded a certain threshold population (30 J_2 per 20g soil just before the cultivation of an antagonistic plant). There was no synergistic effect between antagonistic plants and P, penetrans treatment on control of Mi in the first year of the Pasteuria application.},
 pages = {1--16},
 title = {サツマイモネコブセンチュウ防除に及ぼす市販線虫対抗植物の持続効果並びに対抗植物と線虫天敵細菌Pasteuria penetransとの組み合わせ効果の検討},
 volume = {4},
 year = {2004},
 yomi = {ミズクボ, タカユキ and シミズ, ケイ and アイバ, サトシ and イトウ, ケンジ and ナラブ, タカシ}
}