@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00001291,
 author = {齋藤, 美香 and SAITO, Mika and 小林, 史典 and KOBAYASHI, Fuminori and 伊藤, 裕之 and ITO, Hiroyuki and 新畑, 智也 and SHIMBATA, Tomoya and 乙部（桐淵）, 千雅子 and KIRIBUCHI-OTOBE, Chikako and 石川, 直幸 and ISHIKAWA, Naoyuki and 藤田, 雅也 and FUJITA, Masaya and 石川, 吾郎 and ISHIKAWA, Goro and 中村, 俊樹 and NAKAMURA, Toshiki},
 journal = {東北農業研究センター研究報告, Bulletin of TOHOKU Agricultural Research Center},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Sweet wheat (SW) was selected from a cross between two starch mutants, waxy (Wx) and high amylase (HA). Wx and HA lack the functions of three homoeologous GBSSI and SSIIa genes, respectively, and SW possesses six totally null alleles, three null alleles for each of the two genes. SW was selected by using six co-dominant markers to detect each null allele. Its seed compositions are very distinct features mainly characterized by high sugar content. In addition, from the crossing, not only SW but 63 other haplotypes with different combinations of wild and null alleles of the two genes are selected by the markers. It was revealed that some of the haplotypes also possess starch with unique properties. Along with SW, these new lines were thought to be useful materials for food industries throughout the world. However, to prove this possibility, it is necessary to develop new commercial cultivars adaptable to a wide range of Japanese environments and provide their flour to food industries as soon as possible. Therefore, we planned to use recurrent backcrossing with marker-assisted selection (MAS) and conducted several trials to adapt the MAS breeding for this selection effectively. We discussed the following three points : first, the number of flowers required to be crossed to save labor ; second, how to save the time needed for one generation of winter wheat, which requires a long low-temperature treatment for vernalization ; third, the re-design of primers for multiplex PCR to save time and cost in the marker selection process. In this case, we concluded that introgression of the three null alleles, either Wx or HA, separately into the same recurrent parent could save labor in the crossing compared with simultaneous introgression of the six alleles using SW as a donor parent. Whereas low vernalization cultivars (class I or II) could run three generations in a year without any rescue process, in a variety that required high vernalization (class V), the germination of immature embryos, 14 days after crossing, on agar medium made it possible to reduce the time required to run a single generation from six months to around four months. Furthermore, although a multiplex PCR assay for all six loci could not be performed, success in a multiplex assay for three SSIIa loci reduced the total number of PCRs from five to three in a single generation and could save time and cost in the screening process., ３つのWxタンパク質と３つのSSIIaタンパク質を欠く甘味種コムギおよびその育成過程で分離してくる姉妹系統は、新たな食品素材として期待されており、早期の品種育成が望まれている。そのため、DNAマーカーを用いた効率的な連続戻し交雑により国内各地域に適するそれらの実用品種の迅速な育成を進めている。短期間で品種育成を進めるために、DNAマーカーを用いた連続戻し交雑の効率性について検討した。その結果、変異型GBSSI、SSIIaそれぞれ３遺伝子ずつを導入し、それぞれの準同質遺伝子系統同士を交雑する方法が、交配および選抜の作業効率が良いと考えられた。また、播性の高い系統を反復親とした場合、未熟胚を発芽させることで1回の戻し交雑期間を短縮させ、年3回の交雑が可能になった。さらに、DNAマーカー選抜の効率化に資するマルチプレックスPCR用のマーカーを開発した。},
 pages = {55--65},
 title = {連続戻し交雑による品種育成におけるDNAマーカー選抜の効率的適用に関する一考},
 volume = {114},
 year = {2012},
 yomi = {サイトウ, ミカ and コバヤシ, フミノリ and イトウ, ヒロユキ and シンバタ, トモヤ and オトベ（キリブチ）, チカコ and イシカワ, ナオユキ and フジタ, マサヤ and イシカワ, ゴロウ and ナカムラ, トシキ}
}