{"created":"2023-05-15T13:36:39.477733+00:00","id":124,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"ded5047c-4b83-430f-acb9-219480a4784c"},"_deposit":{"created_by":11,"id":"124","owners":[11],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"124"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00000124","sets":["87:647:47","87:647:648:57:58"]},"author_link":["2460","2459"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2017-07-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"1","bibliographicPageEnd":"124","bibliographicPageStart":"33","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"農研機構研究報告 次世代作物開発研究センター"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the NARO, Crop Science","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Following the construction of the Gamma Field at the Institute of Radiation Breeding（ IRB）in 1960, mutation breeding was accelerated in Japan. The facility is used to artifi cially induce mutations with a higher radiation dose（ up to 2 Gy/day, that is ca. 300,000 times that of natural background） at a higher frequency than occurs in nature. Since the unit became operational,\nthe number of mutant cultivars generated in Japan increased until 2000 – 2010 and has since decreased. There have been 295 direct-use mutant cultivars representing 70 species generated through irradiation utilizing gamma-rays, X-rays, ion beams and chemical mutagenesis and in vitro culture. Each cultivar has been registered and released in Japan, with approximately 79% of these induced by radiation. There have been 335 indirect-use mutant cultivars, including 298 rice, of which 150 cultivars（ 50.3%） were derived from the semi-dwarf mutant cv. “Reimei” or its off spring. The economic impact of these mutant cultivars, primarily of rice and soybean, is very large. Some useful mutations are discussed for rice, such as low digestible-protein content, low amylose content, giant embryo and non-shattering. Useful mutations in soybean such as radio-sensitivity, fatty acid composition, lipoxygenase lacking, glycinin rich and supernodulation have been identifi ed. A similar series of advantageous mutations have been found\nin Japanese pear and other crops through various screening methods. The achievements of biological researches such as characterization and determination of deletion size generated by gamma-rays, the eff ect of deletion size and the location are identifi ed. Similarly, genetic studies\ngenerated through the use of gamma-ray induced mutations, such as phytochrome research, aluminum tolerance and epicuticular wax have also been conducted in Japan. A unique mutation induction technique for outcrossing Italian ryegrass is also explained. Mutation breeding is a\nvery interesting and useful technology for isolating genes and for elucidating gene functions and metabolic pathways in various crops. Records show that mutation induction is a very useful conventional breeding tool for developing superior cultivars. The IRB is well equipped with appropriate facilities and equipment that will contribute to future mutation breeding developments and it will be a contributor in solving various genomic, proteomic and metabolic\nproblems.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"1960 年、放射線育種場にガンマーフィールドが建設されて以来、我が国では突然変異育種が加速された。ガンマーフィールドは人工的に突然変異の誘発率を高める施設であり、線源から最も近い地点では1 日に2 グレイ（Gy）（自然界の30 万倍：1 日で1,000 年分）照射できる。我が国の突然変異品種登録数は、2000-2010 年がピークとなり、現在は減少傾向にある。これまでの、ガンマ線、X 線、イオンビーム、化学誘発剤、培養変異を利用した突然変異直接利用品種数は70 作物、295 にのぼり、その79％が放射線による突然変異である。\n直接利用品種との交配による間接利用品種数は335 であり、その大半はイネ（298 品種）であり、そのうちの150 品種（50.3％）は「レイメイ」に由来する。突然変異品種の経済効果は、イネとダイズ品種の貢献が大きい。有用な突然変異としてイネの低易消化性タンパク質、低アミロース含量、巨大胚および難脱粒性、ダイズの放射線感受性、脂肪酸組成改変、リポキシゲナーゼ欠失、高グリシニンおよび根粒超着生などを記述した。また、生物学的研究の成功例として、ガンマ線が誘発する突然変異と欠失の大きさ、欠失の位置と大きさの差による突然変異形質の変化が解明された。実験材料としての成功例は、フィトクローム研究、アルミニウム耐性および無ワックス特性の解明である。また、放射線育種場で開発された他殖性のイタリアンライグラスの変異作出技術についても紹介した。突然変異育種は遺伝子単離や遺伝子機\n能や代謝経路の解明において魅力的かつ有用なテクノロジーである。突然変異品種数が示すように、突然変異誘発技術は優れた品種を育成するための簡易な従来育種ツールである。アジアでは韓国とマレーシアにガンマ線緩照射施設が建設され、突然変異育種が推進されている。放射線育種場はガンマーフィールドなどの有用な施設を有し、今後も突然変異育種の発展と生物学的問題解決に貢献していくことが期待される。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.24514/00000109","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立研究開発法人 農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 "}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"中川, 仁"},{"creatorName":"ナカガワ, ヒトシ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"NAKAGAWA, Hitoshi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"2459","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"加藤, 浩"},{"creatorName":"カトウ, ヒロシ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"KATO, Hiroshi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"2460","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"},{"nameIdentifier":"60414661","nameIdentifierScheme":"e-Rad","nameIdentifierURI":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/search/?qm=60414661"},{"nameIdentifier":"hkato3","nameIdentifierScheme":"researchmap","nameIdentifierURI":"http://researchmap.jp/hkato3"},{"nameIdentifier":"0000-0003-4259-564X","nameIdentifierScheme":"ORCID","nameIdentifierURI":"http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4259-564X"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2017-10-02"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"nics_report01_4 p.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2.7 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"nics_report01_4 p.pdf","url":"https://repository.naro.go.jp/record/124/files/nics_report01_4 p.pdf"},"version_id":"e1334568-31b9-44f9-91c8-0ba708c856b8"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"遺伝解析","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"ガンマ線照射","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"ガンマーフィールド","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"突然変異育種","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"突然変異品種","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"genetic analysis","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"gamma-ray irradiation","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Gamma Field","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"mutation breeding","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"mutant cultivar","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"食料・エネルギー安全保障に貢献する誘発突然変異 ：品種育成や分子遺伝学的研究のための 新たな突然変異体誘発への挑戦","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"食料・エネルギー安全保障に貢献する誘発突然変異 ：品種育成や分子遺伝学的研究のための 新たな突然変異体誘発への挑戦"},{"subitem_title":"Induced Mutations for Food and Energy Security: Challenge of Inducing Unique Mutants for New Cultivars and Molecular Research","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"11","path":["47","58"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2017-10-02"},"publish_date":"2017-10-02","publish_status":"0","recid":"124","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["食料・エネルギー安全保障に貢献する誘発突然変異 ：品種育成や分子遺伝学的研究のための 新たな突然変異体誘発への挑戦"],"weko_creator_id":"11","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-05-15T23:19:35.833118+00:00"}