@article{oai:repository.naro.go.jp:00001228,
 author = {岡田, 浩明 and OKADA, Hiroaki},
 journal = {東北農業研究センター研究報告, Bulletin of TOHOKU Agricultural Research Center},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Fungivorous nematodes of the Aphelenchus avenae and Aphelenchoides species were examined for their ability to suppress fungal diseases of plants and mineralize nitrogen in soil. Nematode species of the genus Filenchus were also examined for their reproduction as affected by food fungal species and culture media. The Fukushima-city isolate of Ap. avenae was determined effective at preventing cauliflower damping-off caused by the fungus, Rhizoctonia solani. Ap. avenae and Ap. composticola were inoculated into microcosms to examine the influences of nematode reproduction and temperature on nitrogen mineralization by fungi and the nematodes in organic-matter decomposition. When Rh. solani was tested in the microcosms, mineralization was the greatest at the optimal temperature of nematode reproduction, suggesting that reproduction did affect soil nitrogen dynamics. However, no such effect appeared for the other fungus. Determination of feeding habits and life history parameters of each nematode taxon is essential in employing nematodes as bio-indicators in soil environments. However, the feeding habits of a common taxon, family Tylenchidae, have not yet been determined. A worldwide representative of the family, genus Filenchus, was thus examined to determine whether its species have fungal-feeding habits. Six isolates representing three species of the genus were confirmed to feed on Basidiomycota and other fungi on both agar- and soil-based media to reproduce, suggesting that the Filenchus species display fungal-feeding habits in field soils., 糸状菌食性のニセネグサレセンチュウと Aphelenchoides 属線虫について, 植物病害抑制への利用の可能性及び無機態窒素の生成作用について検討した。また, Filenchus 属線虫の増殖への餌糸状菌や培地の影響を調べた。ニセネグサレセンチュウの福島市系統は糸状菌 Rhizoctonia solani による野菜苗立枯病に対して発病抑制効果が高かった。糸状菌による有機物分解を模した実験系で, 窒素生成への線虫増殖及び温度の影響を検討するため, ニセネグサレセンチュウと Ap. composticola を用いて実験した。糸状菌種が Rh. solani の場合は線虫の増殖適温で窒素生成が最大になり, 線虫の増殖が土壌中の窒素動態に影響する可能性が示唆された。ただし, 他の菌の場合は温度の影響が認められなかった。土壌環境の生物指標としての線虫の利用には, 分類群ごとの食性や生活史特性の解明が必要である。しかし, Tylenchidae 科の線虫は, 様々な土壌環境に頻出するにもかかわらず食性が不明であった。そこで, 世界に広く分布する Filenchus 属線虫について糸状菌食性の有無を培養実験で検討した。Filenchus 属の3種6系統は, 寒天培地のみならず土壌ベースの培地上でも糸状菌を摂食して増殖し, 野外の土壌中でFilenchus 属が糸状菌食性を発揮することが示唆された。},
 pages = {155--197},
 title = {糸状菌食性線虫の生態及び植物病害抑制への利用},
 volume = {105},
 year = {2006},
 yomi = {オカダ, ヒロアキ}
}