Cambodia is an important center of vegetable crop diversity, including varieties of Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae crops, and could provide useful genetic resources for crop breeding programs. Field exploration was conducted in northern Cambodia to collect vegetable genetic resources based on cultivation methods and characteristics. A total of 71 samples of six crops, including 28 melons, 22 pumpkins, 11 amaranths, eight maize, one cucumber, and one Solanaceae species, were collected from 36 sites in four provinces. These samples were collected at new sites, with the exception of one amaranth sample, Amaranthus spinosus, which was a different Amaranth species collected from a previously visited site. Based on interviews with farmers and previous reports, we obtained the following overview: common local names for pumpkins, melons, and maize; distinct names for amaranth species; cultivation occurs during the rainy season; comparatively less frequent use of fertilizer and agrochemicals for pumpkin and melon; and frequent cultivation of amaranths in backyard gardens. The observed morphological traits showed variations comparable to those reported in previous studies, such as plant height and panicle length in amaranth, plant height variation among three species of amaranth, and cob length variation in maize. The overview and morphological information provided useful references in the study of Cambodian genetic resources as well as for the management of the collected species. The seeds were divided between the CARDI and the gene bank at NARO.
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カンボジア北部における野菜遺伝資源探索，2020年
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AREIPGR37-B04
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